Glossary Entry: Calculus (Tartar)

Overview

Definition: Calculus, also known as tartar, is a hardened form of dental plaque that accumulates on the teeth over time due to the mineralization of plaque by saliva. It is a common dental issue that can lead to various oral health problems if not removed regularly.

Detailed Description

Types and Variations

Variations: Calculus can be classified into supragingival calculus, which forms above the gum line, and subgingival calculus, which forms below the gum line. Both types can contribute to gum disease and tooth decay if not treated.

Indications

Common Uses: Dental professionals remove calculus during routine cleanings to prevent gum inflammation, periodontal disease, and decay. It is essential to remove calculus promptly to maintain good oral health.

Insertion and Placement

Procedure: Dental hygienists use scalers and ultrasonic devices to remove calculus from the teeth. The process involves careful scraping and cleaning of the tooth surfaces to eliminate hardened deposits effectively.

Clinical Considerations

Potential Complications

Risks: If left untreated, calculus can irritate the gums, leading to gingivitis and eventually periodontitis. It can also contribute to bad breath and discoloration of the teeth.

Care and Maintenance

Maintenance Requirements: After professional removal of calculus, maintaining good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing with a fluoride toothpaste and flossing, is crucial to prevent its recurrence.

Additional Information

Related Devices

Associated Terms: Dental scalers, dental probes, and dental mirrors are commonly used in conjunction with calculus removal procedures to ensure thorough cleaning and examination of the teeth.

Innovations and Advancements

Recent Developments: Advancements in dental technology have led to the development of less invasive and more efficient methods for removing calculus, such as laser techniques and air polishing systems.

Regulatory and Safety Notes

Regulations: Dental professionals must follow strict sterilization and infection control protocols when handling instruments used for calculus removal to minimize the risk of cross-contamination and ensure patient safety.